Automated avalanche hazard indication mapping on a statewide scale
نویسندگان
چکیده
Abstract. Snow avalanche hazard mapping has a long tradition in the European Alps. Hazard maps delineate areas of potential danger and are only available for selected where people significant infrastructure endangered. They have been created over generations, at specific sites, mainly based on activity past. For large part area (90 % case canton Grisons) strongly generalized indication (SilvaProtect), not showing impact information such as pressure. This is problem when new territory with no or an incomplete historical record to be developed. It even larger trying predict effects climate change state scale, may longer valid. To close this gap, we develop automated approach generate spatially coherent digital elevation model Grisons (7105 km2) Swiss We calculate eight different scenarios return periods ranging from frequent very rare well without taking protective forest into account, resulting total approximately 2 million individual simulations. combines delineation release areas, calculation depths numerical simulation dynamics. find that between 47 (most scenario) 67 extreme cantonal can affected by avalanches. Without forest, 20 more would procedure applied worldwide, high-spatial-resolution models, detailed data snow available, enabling reproducible also regions yet exist. invaluable studies. The results validated official maps, assessments experts, existing cadastres derived manual satellite datasets. now operationally daily assessment work authorities. Based these experiences, proposed further mountain regions.
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences
سال: 2022
ISSN: ['1561-8633', '1684-9981']
DOI: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-22-1825-2022